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Anna Eva Fay Pingree (1851-1927) was a famous medium and stage mentalist of the twentieth century. ==Biography== Fay was born Ann Eliza Heathman in Southington, Ohio. She married Henry Melville Cummings, a medium, who went by the name Henry Melville Fay. She adopted the stage name of Annie Fay and began to perform as a stage medium. She became famous for her stage performances in the 1880s and 1890s.〔Will Rogers, Steven K. Gragert, M. Jane Johansson. (2005). ''The Papers of Will Rogers''. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 110. ISBN 978-0806137049〕 Through her career, Fay was exposed as a fraudulent medium.〔Kerry Segrave. (2007). ''Women Swindlers in America, 1860-1920''. McFarland & Company. p. 14. ISBN 978-0786430390〕 Fay was known for employing assistants including several who would dig up information about séance sitters in the towns that she visited.〔Maurice Zolotow. (1952). ''It Takes All Kinds''. Random House. p. 60〕 In the early 1870s the American stage mentalist Washington Irving Bishop was the manager of Fay's spiritualist acts, but in 1876 exposed her trick methods to the media.〔Simon During. (2004). ''Modern Enchantments: The Cultural Power of Secular Magic''. Harvard University Press. p. 161. ISBN 978-0674013711〕 In 1883 the ex-medium John W. Truesdell revealed her method of freeing her hands from cotton bandages.〔John W. Truesdell. (1883). ''The Bottom Facts Concerning the Science of Spiritualism: Derived from Careful Investigations Covering a Period of Twenty-Five Years''. G. W. Carlton: New York. pp. 272-273〕 Her first husband died in 1908. Her second husband was stage manager David H. Pingree, who died in 1932.〔Anthony J. Pagano. (1998). ''Melrose''. Arcadia Publishing. p. 58. ISBN 978-0738564487〕 Her son John Fay also a magician, married to Anna Norman committed suicide in 1908.〔Frank Cullen. (2006). ''Vaudeville Old & New: An Encyclopedia of Variety Performances in America''. Routledge. p. 369. ISBN 978-0415938532〕〔Massimo Polidoro. (2003). ''Secrets of the Psychics: Investigating Paranormal Claims''. Prometheus Books. p. 103. ISBN 1-59102-086-7 "Her son, John T. Fay, married Anna Norman, one of the assistants in Eva's show, then left home and set up on his own with his wife, calling themselves "The Fays." When John died in 1908, his widow set up her own show and billed herself as "Mrs. Eva Fay, The High Priestess of Mysticism." Obviously, Annie resented her using a stage name so similar to her own, but never took legal action to stop her."〕 Fay applied for a membership to The Magic Circle and in 1913 during a tour in Britain, she was elected the first Honorary Lady Associate of The Magic Circle in London.〔Milbourne Christopher. (1975). ''Mediums, Mystics & the Occult''. Thomas Y. Crowell. p. 178. ISBN 978-0690004762〕 Fay died on May 20, 1927. She is buried at Wyoming Cemetery in Melrose Massachusetts. In 1942, Harry Price of the National Laboratory of Psychical Research exposed the 'mechanical stool' trick of Fay.〔Harry Price. (1942). ''Search for Truth: My Life for Psychical Research''. Collins. p. 48〕〔Paul Tabori. (1966). ''Harry Price: The Biography of a Ghosthunter''. Living Books. p. 36. "He described the simple yet ingenious mechanism of the Anna Eva Fay mechanical stool, which had an automatic catch to release the right arm of the medium, enabling anyone to produce a large variety of phenomena— provided the sitters were gullible enough."〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Anna Eva Fay」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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